Browser extensions can improve your online experience by adding useful features and customizing how websites function. However, they also pose serious cybersecurity risks because they often require broad access to your browser and personal data to operate.

If an extension is malicious or becomes compromised, it can be used to steal sensitive information, spy on your activity, or deliver harmful code to your device. To stay safe, it’s important to follow key best practices when managing browser extensions.

Only install extensions from trusted sources

The safest place to install browser extensions is from official stores like the Chrome Web Store, Firefox Add-ons, or the Apple App Store. These platforms perform basic security checks and remove known malicious extensions. Avoid downloading extensions from third-party websites or unknown developers, as these may contain hidden malware or spyware.

Review permissions before installation

Before installing an extension, check the permissions it requests. If an extension asks for access to all website data, your clipboard, or browsing history, make sure this is necessary for its function. Excessive or unrelated permissions may allow the extension to collect sensitive information or interfere with secure sites.

Keep extensions (and your browser) up to date

Security patches fix vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit. Enable automatic updates and regularly check for outdated or unsupported extensions. Remove any that are no longer maintained by the developer, as these may never receive critical updates. You can find the latest security alerts at cyber.gov.rw/updates/alerts.

Limit the number of installed extensions

Each installed extension increases your attack surface. Only keep extensions that are essential to your daily tasks, and uninstall any that are unused, outdated, or redundant. This helps reduce the chance of compromise and simplifies your security management.

Conduct periodic audits of your extensions

Set aside time regularly to review your installed extensions. Check for suspicious behavior, such as unexpected permission changes, performance slowdowns, or strange pop-ups. Extensions can change over time—even after installation—so ongoing monitoring is essential.

Watch for hijacked or malicious updates

Even trusted extensions can become dangerous if they’re sold to new owners or secretly updated with harmful code. Be alert for unusual behaviors like new ads, page redirects, or changes in settings. If something seems off, remove the extension immediately and report it to the browser store if possible.