Kwinjirirwa kw’ amakuru ni igihe amakuru yasangijwe cyangwa yageze ku muntu utari ubifitiye uburenganzira, bishobora kuba mu buryo bw’ impanuka cyangwa biturutse ku bitero by’ ikoranabuhanga.

Amakuru bwite y’ umuntu afite agaciro imbere y’ abajura bo ku ikoranabuhanga. Bashobora kuyakoresha mu buryo butandukanye:

• Kugurisha ayo makuru ku bandi bajura bo ku ikoranabuhanga

• Gukora ibyaha mu izina ry’ umwirondoro mwibano

• Kwiba amakonti yo ku ikoranabuhanga

• Kugenza ba nyiramakuru bakabashyiraho igitutu

Muri ubu buryo bwo kwinjirirwa kw’amakuru, uburyo bwo gukumira nibwo bw’ingenzi mu gukaza ubwirinzi. Kubahiriza aya mabwiriza ari hano hasi bizagufasha cyane gukaza ingamba z’umutekano imbere y’ ibyashaka kukwinjirira.

1. Koresha uburyo bwo kwinjira muri konti bukomeye

Kwibwa imyirondoro ya konti  ni bumwe mu buryo bukunze kugaragara ko bukoreshwa n’ abajura bo ku ikoranabuhanga bagashobora kwinjirira amakuru y’ abantu, ariyo mpamvu gukoresha uburyo bukomeye bwo kwinjira muri konti bifata umwanya wa mbere mu gukumira no kwirinda ibitero nk’ ibyo.

Uburyo bukomeye bwo kwinjira muri konti busaba gukoresha ijambo ry’ ibanga rikomeye kandi ryihariye, guhora uhindura ijambo ry’ ibanga kenshi no gukoresha uburyo busaba ibintu byinshi bikomatanije mbere yo kwinjira kugirango ukaze umutekano wo kwinjira muri konti yawe ku buryo bushoboka bwose.

2. Kurikirana konti zawe  z’ikoranbuhanga

Komeza kuba maso ku bikorwa byose bikorerwa kuri konti zawe zo ku ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane izirebana na banki. Ibikorwa cyangwa ihererekanya ridasobanutse, bizakwereka ko hari undi muntu ushobora kuba yinjira bitemewe muri konti yawe, akinjirira amakuru yawe ndetse akakuvogera.

3. Hora ukora amavugururwa y’ umutekano vuba gashoboka rwose

Ibyuho muri porogaramu zo ku ikoranabuhanga biba bizwi ariyo mpamvu abajura bo ku ikoranabuhanga bakora porogaramu z’ uburiganya ngo bungukire muri ibyo byuho bagere ku makuru bwite  banyuze mu bikoresho by’ ikoranabuhanga byinjiriwe.

Ni ingenzi gukora amavugururwa unyuze ku bacuruzi bizewe  kugirango ibikoresho byawe byo ku ikoranabuhanga bibe bifite ingamba z’ubwirinzi ziri ku gihe.

4. Fungisha inyandiko z’ ibanga ijambo ry’ ibanga

Ushobora kongera urwego rw’ umutekano ku ma dosiye yawe y’ ingenzi ari mu gikoresho cyawe cy’ ikoranabuhanga uyafunga ku buryo yinjirwamo gusa hakoreshejwe ijambo ry’ ibanga.

• Windows

Jya mu bubiko bwa dosiye ushaka gufunga. Kanda iburyo  ukande kuri iyo dosiye, kanda Properties > Advanced. Genzura Encrypt contents to secure data. Kanda OK > Apply. Hitamo niba ari akadosiye kamwe ufasha gufungisha ijambo ry’ ibanga cyangwa niba ari dosiye zose zibitse hamwe nayo , hitamo zose kugirango umutekano wazo ube wizewe.

• macOS

Jya kuri Finder > Applications > Utilities folder. Hitamo Disk Utility.  Hejuru ahandikwa hitamo File > New Image > Image from Folder.

Ubundi uhitemo dosiye wifuza ko ifungishwa ijambo ry’ ibanga ubundi Choose. Ahakurikira hitamo 256-bit AES Encryption kuko aribwo buryo bwizewe kurushaho, nurangiza ukande Choose.

Ahakurikira hakurikira 'Image Format' hitamose Read/Write. Hitamo Save kugirango usohoke. Byose nibirangira ukande 'Done'.

Nk’ uburyo bwa rusange bwo kwirinda, ugomba kugenzura niba ufite uburyo ubika amakuru yawe ahandi hatandukanye n’umuyoboro wawe wa murandasi (backups). Ushobora gukora ibi ubika amakuru yawe nko ku kindi gikoresho cy’ ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ku bubiko bwa karawudi (Cloud).

Igihe cyose ucyetse ko waba wahuye n’ igitero cyo kwinjirirwa, duhamagare kuri telefoni ku murongo utishyurwa 9009, cyangwa utwoherereze imeli kuri rwcsirt@ncsa.gov.rw.