Igihe cy’iminsi mikuru kigaragaramo ubwiyongere mu kugura ibintu kuri interineti kandi hakanagaragaramo ibyaha byinshi byo kuri interineti. Uko ihererekanya ry’amafaranga ryiyongera, abajura bo kuri interineti bagaba ibiteroby’uburiganya  ku bagurira kuri interineti , bagamije kwiba amafaranga n’amakuru y’ibanga.

Abakoresha mu guhaha barasabwa gukurikiza izi ngamba kugira ngo batibwa amafaranga yabo n’amakuru y’ibanga.

1. Huza telefoni/ imeli yawe na konti yawe, ujye wakira ubutumwa bukumenyesha ibikozwe kuri kontizawe mu buryo buhoraho.

Hakoreshejwe ubutumwa bugufi (SMS) na imeyili umenyeshwa ako kanya ibikorewe kuri konti yawe ya banki n’iya mobile money. Kubona amakuru ako kanya ni intambwe y’ibanze yo kwirinda.

Jya winjira muri konti zawe ukoresheje porogaramu cyangwa urubuga rwizewe byibura buri cyumweru kugira ngo ugenzure ibyakozwe, aho kwizera gusa amakuru woherejwe muri imeyili Niba ubonye uburiganya: Vugana n’ishami ry’imari (Banki cyangwa Mobile Money) ako kanya ukoresheje nimero yizewe iri ku rubuga rwabo, hanyuma unabikore mu nyandiko.

2. Genzura abacuruzi bo kuri interineti, ushishoje.

Imbuga z’ubucuruzi zo kuri interineti z’impimbano ziba nyinshi mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru. Kugira ngo wemeze ko ari iz’ukuri:

• Reba HTTPS: Reba neza ko umuyoboro w’urubuga utangirana na https:// (inyuguti s isobanura ko urubuga rutekanaye) kandi ko ugaragaza akamenyetso k’ingufuri. Ntugatange amakuru yawe ku rubuga rufite gusa umuyoboro wa http://http://.

• Genzura neza izina rya ry’urubuga: Genzura amakosa mato mu nyuguti z’izina ry’urubuga (urugero: amaz0n-deals.com aho kuba amazon.com).

• Shakisha amakuru ku mucuruzi: Shakisha amakuru avugwa kuri we ntugatwarwe n’ibiri ku rubuga gusa. Kuba nta aderesi y’aho bakorera, uburyo umukiliya yabageraho, cyangwa politiki isobanutse yo gusubiza ibicuruzwa, ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uburiganya.

3. Ba maso kugira ngo wirinde uburiganya bugamije kukwiba amakuru.

Ubutumwa wohererezwa kuri imeyili n’ubutumwa bugufi (SMS) bugamije kukwiba amakuru, bushobora kwiyitirira serivisi zo gutanga ibicuruzwa, imiryango y’ubugiraneza, cyangwa inshuti ziri mu kaga.

Niba wakiriye ubutumwa bugusaba kugira icyo ukora kuko byihutirwa cyangwa busaba ubufasha buvuye ku muntu uzi, wikoresha umurongo cyangwa nimero wahawe muri ubwo butumwa. Vugana n’icyo kigo cyangwa uwo muntu ukoresheje inzira yizewe isanzwe izwi.

Ntuzigere usangiza umuntu uwo ari we wese ijambo ry’ibanga, ijambo ry’ibanga ryihariye (OTPs) cyangwa PIN. Ibigo byizewe ntibizigera bigusaba bene ibyo."

4. Irinde gukoresha interineti nziramugozi rusange mu bikorwa byo kwishyura.

Interineti nziramugozi rusange (Public wireless) y’aho abantu bahurira cyangwa mu masoko, ikunze kuba idafite ubwirinzi, bituma abajura bashobora kwinjira mu makuru yawe, bakaba banayiba. Koresha interineti ya telefone yawe igihe ukora ihererekanya ry’amafaranga, kuko ikunze kuba ifite umutekano kurusha iya rusange.

Niba ugomba gukoresha interineti nziramugozi rusange, koresha VPN (Virtual Private Network) yizewe, ishyiraho ubwirinzi ku makuru yose ava kuri mudasobwa cyangwa telefone yawe. Genzura ko VPN ukoresha ikomoka ahizewe.

5. Menya kandi wirinde uburiganya bwo mu bihe by’iminsi mikuru

Itondere cyane ibigaragara nk’amahirwe uhabwa, bisa nk’aho bidasanzwe, akenshi biba ari uburiganya.

Ntukande ku matangazo yo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga agaragaza ibiciro cyangwa amahirwe asa nk’aho adasanzwe. Ahubwo, jya ku rubuga rwizewe rw’icyo kigo cyangwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zacyo zemewe kugira ngo umenye neza iby’ayo matangazo.

Abagusaba kwishyura vuba vuba, baguha impano, cyangwa bagusaba gukoresha ifaranga ry’ikoranabuhanga(cryptocurrency) akenshi biba ari uburiganya. Ibigo byizewe ntibisaba kwishyura muri ubwo buryo.

6. Komeza gukaza umutekano wa konti zawe zo kuri interineti

Koresha uburyo busaba kwemeza ibintu bikomatanije mbere yo kwinjir amuri konti (Multi-Factor Authentication) aho bishoboka, cyane cyane kuri konti za imeyili, amabanki, n’iz’ubucuruzi. Koresha porogaramu yemeza cyangwa urufunguzo  rukomeye ku gikoresho cyawe cy’ikoranabuhanga ubone umutekano urenzeho kurusha kode zoherezwa kuri SMS, kuko izo kode zo zishobora kwibwa.

Koresha ububiko bw’amagambo y’ibanga kuri buri konti. Ubu bubiko bubika kandi bukuzuza amagambo y’ibanga mu buryo bwizewe, bigakuraho ibyago byo gukoresha ijambo rimwe ry’ibanga kenshibishobora kuba intandaro yo kwinjrirwa kwa konti.

Menya neza ko sisitemu ikoresha igikoresho cyawe cy’ikoranabuhanga (OS) mushakisha (browser), ndetse na porogaramu z’ubucuruzi, zivugurura mu buryo bwikoresha. Iri vugurura rikuraho ibyago bishobora kubangamiraumutekano.

7. Tanga raporo ku bikorwa biteye amakenga

Niba uhuye n’ikibazo cy’ubujura bukorerwa kuri interineti cyangwa ukabona urubuga cyangwa porogaramu mbi, bimenyekanishe.
Bene ibyo bifasha kurinda abandi. Mu gihe habaye ikibazo, ushobora kumenyesha NCSA binyuze ku mbuga zikurikira:

• Imeli:

  • info@ncsa.gov.rw

• Nimero itishyurwa:

  • 9009

• Imbuga nkoranyambaga:

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  • X na TikTok: Cybersec_Rwanda

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