Ni ngombwa kwita ku mutekano wa imeli, ntiwumve ko waterera iyo. Nk’uburyo bw’ingirakamaro mu itumanaho n’ubucuruzi, ndetse bwarushijeho kuba ingenzi cyane bitewe cyane n’izamuka ry’icyorezo cya Covid 19 ryatumye abakozi bakorera mu rugo, birakwiriye ko abakoresha imeli bagomba guharanira kumenya gukaza umutekano wayo.

Waba wohereza, wakira cyangwa ubika amakuru yawe anyura muri imeli, kurikiza izi nama zikurikira bityo wizereko ko ufashe ingamba zose zo kwirinda:

1. Menya ibiranga imeli zirimo uburiganya (phishing)

Phishing ni uburyo buriganya kandi bukangiza bukora hoherezwa imeli mu izina ry’ikigo cyizwi, hagenderewe gusaba amakuru bwite y’uwohererejwe ubutumwa.

Kugirango ushobore kurwanya uburiganya nk’ubwo, bigusaba ko igihe wakiriye imeli nk’izo utuza, ukabanza ugatekereza mbere yo kugira ikintu na kimwe ukora nkuko akenshi uba ubisabwe n’ubutumwa wakiriye.

Iga kumenya kugenzura ibimenyetso bya imeli y’uburiganya utahura ikintu cyose gisa nk’ikidasanzwe cyangwa ikitizewe mu butumwa wakiriye.

Imeli z’uburiganya (Phishing) akenshi zirangwa no kugira:

• Umugereka (attachment) cyangwa imiyoboro (links)

• Amakosa mu myandikire

• Amakosa mu kibonezamvugo

• Ibishushanyo bidasanzwe

• Kuba zihutirwa bidasanzwe kandi zisaba amakuru agendanye na imeli aderesi cyangwa andi makuru bwite

• Indamukanyo rusange nka “Nshuti mukiriya” aho kuba mu izina ryawe bwite

2. Koresha uburyo bukomatanije bugufasha kwinjira muri Konti yawe ya imeli

Uburyo bukomatanije, busaba byibura kwemeza ibintu bibiri bitandukanye kugirango ubashe kumenya umwirondoro wa nyiri konti. Ibi rero naho umujura ukoresha ikoranabuhanga yakwinjirira akamenya ijambo ryawe ry’ibanga n’izina ukoresha, aba agisabwa indi kode asabwa kugirango abashe kwinjira muri konti yawe.

Uburyo bukomatanije bushobora kuba:

• Ikintu umukoresha azi (urugero: ijambo ry’ ibanga, PIN)

• Ikintu umukoresha afite (urugero: ikarita, PIN ikoreshwa inshuro imwe)

• Umwihariko uranga umukoresha (urugero: igikumwe, kumenyekana mu maso).

Hafi ya buri mbuga zose, zitanga amahitamo yo kubanza kwemeza uburyo bukomatanije mbere yo kwinjira, kandi ni byiza gukoresha ubwo buryo ngo biguhe amahirwe yo kwizera urundi rwego rwisumbuyeho rw’umutekano.

3. Irinde kohereza amakuru y’ibanga ukoresheje imeli

Amakuru y’ibanga nk’ijambo ry’ibanga, amakuru agendanye n’ikarita ya banki, amakuru agendanye n’uburyo bwa banki yo kuri murandasi ntago akwiye koherezwa na rimwe kuri imeli. Igihe wohereza amakuru y’ibanga ukoresheje imeli, bisaba ko uba wizeye uwo uyoherereza kandi wizeye ko atazagwa mu maboko y’abayakoresha nabi.

Uretse igihe uwakiriye imeli ayisibye akanasiba ububiko bwa emeli zasibwe, haba hari buri gihe kopi ya buri nyandiko yakiriye mu gasanduku ka imeli. Ubwo rero ntiwakwizera ubikubikiwe neza amakuru yawe, kuko utamenya uwageze muri konti ye akayabona, cyangwa uburyo yitwararika bohererezanya amakuru.

Ibigo byizewe kandi bizwi, nta na rimwe bizigera bigusaba amakuru y’ibanga bikoresheje imeli, rero ubusabe nkubwo akenshi bufatwa nkaho bugamije uburiganya.

4. Ntugakoreshe konti ya imeli y’akazi mu bikorwa byawe bwite cyangwa iyawe mu bijyanye n’akazi

Ku bijyanye n’ ubwirinzi bwa imeli, birabujijwe gukoresha emeli y’akazi mu bikorwa byawe bwite,  nkuko bibujijwe nanone kohereza emeli z’akazi kuri konti yawe bwite.

Gukoresha emeli yawe bwite mu bigendanye na kazi, bishobora kugufungurira umuryango n’ibyago byo kwinjirirwa. Ni byiza gutandukanya buri konti yawe, ukayikoresha mu byo igenewe uko ubishoboye.

5. Ntugafungure imigereka yo muri imeli uretse igihe uzi aho iturutse cyangwa wari uziko iri buze.

Ni byiza kwitondera imigereka, kabone nubwo waba ufite uburyo bwo kubanza kuyigenzura n’ubwo gukumira amavirusi. Iyo umugereka ugizwe na porogaramu ishobora gufungurwa nka .exe, .vbs, .js, .scr, .bat, ni byiza kurushaho kwirinda kuwufungura.

Imigereka igizwe n’amadosiye ya Word, Excel na PDF ishobora nayo kubamo amavirusi, rero bisaba ubushishozi igihe cyose ugiye gufungura imigereka. Genzura neza niba uzi kandi wizeye aho iturutse.

Nk’ubwirinzi bw’inyongera, shyira antivirusi mu gikoresho cyawe cy’ikoranabuhanga kandi ujye uyikoresha igihe cyose ugenzura (scan) buri mugereka mbere yo kuwufungura.

6. Ntugakande ku miyoboro yose iri muri imeli (links)

Imiyoboro ije muri emeli ishobora kugufungurira inzira ikugeza ku zindi mbuga zitandukanye n’izo yagaragazaga ko koko ihagarariye.  Imoyoboro imwe n’imwe ishobora kukwereka ko yerekeza ku mbuga zizwi nka www.amazon.com ariko mu by’ukuri ikujyana ahantu hanyuranye, ndetse ku mbuga zitizewe.

Igihe cyose reba ibikubiye mu miyoboro wohererejwe, wegerereza ukoresheje akayobora cyerekezo kuri mudasobwa yawe kuri wa muyoboro, bityo uzashobora kubona wa muyoboro neza utarinze kuwukandaho. Niba ugize gushidikanya, aho kugakanda ku muyoboro ugusaba guhindura ijambo ryawe ry’ibanga mu buryo bwihuse; fungura urupapuro rushya (tab) muri mushakisha ushyiremo wa umuyoboro w’urubuga usanzwe ukoresha urebe koko niba umuyoboro usa koko nuwo wohererejwe.