Ingorane zo kwangirizwa umutekano ziturutse mu kigo imbere zishobora kuba umukozi cyangwa uwahoze ari umukozi, rwiyemezamirimo cyangwa umufatanyabikorwa, wakoresha nabi nkana cyangwa atabigambiriye uburenganzira afite bwo kwinjira muri sisitemu runaka, bikaba byakwangiza ubuziranenge bwa sisitemu y’amakuru y’ikigo.

Ingorane zihungabanya umutekano ziturutse imbere mu kigo tuzisanga mu byiciro bitatu:

1. Abakozi binjiriwe

Abakozi binjiriwe bakoreshwa nk’abakongeza ibitero ku kigo cyose. Uwinjiriwe ashobora kuba yandujwe virusi kuri kimwe mu bikoresho byo mu kazi kikaba cyakwirakwiza iyo virusi muri sisitemu yose; cyangwa se, akoresheje igikoresho cy’akazi akaba yasuye urubuga rutizewe, rugakurura amakuru y’ibanga y’ikigo cyose.

2. Abariganya bo ku ikoranabuhanga

Umuriganya wo ku ikoranabuhanga akora yigenga kandi abigambiriye ndetse yirengereye ingaruka z’ibikorwa bye. Umuriganya wo ku ikoranabuhanga ashobora kuba ari umukozi uri hafi gusezera mu kigo, agahitamo ku bushake gusangiza amakuru y’ibanga, imihigo n’imigambi by’ikigo abagiye kuzaba abakoresha be bashya.

3. Abadashishoza ku ikoranabuhanga

Ukoresha ikoranabuhanga adashishoza akunze kenshi kwirengagiza ingamba z’umutekano w’amakuru. Uwo ashobora kuba umukozi mu kigo ukanda ku mahuza no ku miyoboro yose abonye, cyangwa se wimurira amakuru y’ibanga ahandi hantu hatabugenewe kugirango bimworohere gukomeza gukorera ahandi hantu.

Hano hari amabwiriza yagufasha kugabanya uburemere bw’ingorane zo kwinjirirwa guturutse imbere mu kigo:

1. Funga uburyo bwo kwinjira ku bakozi batakihakora

Igihe cyose umukozi atakibarizwa mu kigo, zimya kandi ukureho buri buryo bwose yakoreshaga yinjira mu kigo no mu bikoresho by’ikigo. Ibi bizakumira ko umukozi wagiye ashobora guhungabanya imikorere y’ikigo nyuma yo kugenda kwe.

2. Shyiraho imipaka y’aho abakozi bagomba kugarukira

Shyiraho imipaka, abakozi bagarukire gusa ku maporogaramu, ku makuru no ku ma sisitemu bakeneye ngo buzuze inshingano z’akazi. Ubu buryo bwo gushyiraho imipaka, busobanuye ko ibyago byo kwangiza cyangwa kwangirika kwa sisitemu cyangwa kw’amakuru buba bwagabanijwe n’abashinzwe ikoranabuhanga cyangwa umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga bityo ingaruka ntizibe nyinshi igihe habaye kwinjirirwa.

3. Koresha ijambo ry’ibanga n’uburyo bwo kugenzura konti

Abantu bose bakagombye kwinjira muri sisitemu bakoresheje imyirondoro n’ijambo ry’ibanga rikomeye kandi rihora rihindurwa kenshi, byongeye kuri ibyo hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo kwemeza ibintu bikomatanije mbere yo kwinjira muri konti. Aya mabwiriza agomba gukazwa cyane cyane ku bantu bagaragara nk’abatagira ubushishozi igihe bakoresha ikoranabuhanga kugirango nabo bakurikize amabwiriza yo kurinda ubusugire bw’umutekano w’imirongo ya murandasi by’ikigo bakorera.

4. Shyiraho ubundi bubiko bw’amakuru n’uburyo bwo kongera gusubizwa amakuru nyuma y’ibitero

Shyiraho amabwiriza arebana no gukoresha ubundi bubiko bw’amakuru kugirango wizere ko amakuru y’ingenzi afite ububiko bwinshi ahandi hantu hatandukanye hatari ku murongo wa murandasi. Ububiko bundi bw’amakuru yawe y’ingenzi buzakubera igisubizo cyo kongera kubona amakuru yawe igihe sisitemu zandujwe n’amavirusi cyangwa n’ibindi bitero nka Ransomuweya (Ransomware)

5. Shyiraho amahugurwa ahoraho ku mutekano w’ikoranabuhanga ku bakozi bose

Nubwo tubonye ko abakozi bashobora guteza ingorane zikomeye zo kwinjirirwa k’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga, bashobora nanone kuba umurongo wa mbere w’ubwirinzi igihe bigishijwe neza. Kugenzura ko abakozi basobanukiwe neza ingorane zo kwinjirirwa z’imbere mu kigo bizabafasha kumva neza amabwiriza y’umutekano bagomba gukurikiza.