Ransomuweya ni iki?

Ransomuweya ni igitero cyo kuri murandasi kiza mu buryo bwa maliweya (malware) cg virusi ihishe muri dosiye yoherejwe kuri murandasi hanyuma ikangiza mudasobwa n’amadosiye ayibitseho.

Akenshi uwagabye igitero aba asaba kwishyurwa ikiguzi kugirango akwemerere kongera kubona dosiye zawe cyangwa gushobora kongera gukoresha mudasobwa yawe.

Ibitero bya ransomuweya biragenda byiyongera cyane kuri murandasi. Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga mu itangazabumenyi n’itumanaho (NCSA) rurakugira inama zo gufata ingamba zikurikira kugira ngo hakumirwe cyangwa se byibura hagabanywe ibyago byo kuba wagirwaho ingaruka n’igitero cya ransomuweya.

1. Hora ushyira ku gihe ibikoresho byawe by’ikoranabuhanga na sisitemu zirimo

Shyira ku gihe (update) ibikoresho byawe by’ikoranabuhanga, na sisitemu zirimo ku gihe (up-to-date). Sisitemu na porogaramu zitari ku gihe nizo zibasirwa cyane n’ibitero by’ikoranabuhanga.

Ni yo mpamvu guhora ushyira sisitemu na porogaramu ziri muri mudasobwa cyangwa telefoni zawe ku gihe, bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kuba wakwinjirirwa n’abajura b’ikoranabuhanga.

2. Ntugafungure na rimwe imiyoboro (links) cyangwa imigereka itizewe

Ransomuweya nyinshi zikunze gukwirakwizwa muri imeli (email). Abakoresha imeli rero bagomba kwirinda gukanda ku migereka n’imirongo itizewe kugirango birinde kwandura.

Iyo ukanze ku murongo utizewe, hari igihe ibyoherejwe n’abajura mu ikoranabuhanga bihita bitangira gukorera muri mudasobwa yawe, nuko igitero cyuzuye cya ransomuweya cyikinjira mu mashini yawe, kikakubuza burundu kongera kuyigiraho uburenganzira.

Irinde gufungura imiyoboro cyangwa imigereka yoherejwe n’abantu batazwi cyangwa ukekeranya ko bakwinjirira.

3. Koresha Ububiko bw’amakuru (Back up)

Bika amakuru yawe yose uko yakabaye, kugirango ube wizeye ko ufite kopi zayo nyinshi ahantu hatandukanye. Bika amakuru yawe kubikoresho bitari ku murongo wa murandasi (Offline) cyangwa ku bubiko bundi bwihariye (Cloud), kugirango ubone kopi nyinshi ziri ahatandukanye no mu rugo rwawe cyangwa aho ukorera.

4. Irinde ko antivirusi ukoresha iva ku gihe

Ibuka buri gihe gukoresha antivirusi mu gikoresho cyawe cy’ikoranabuhanga, kandi ushyiremo uburyo iyo antivirus izajya ihora yishyira ku gihe (automatic update). 

Zirikana gukoresha antivirus usuzuma imeli wakiriye, mu gihe ugiye gukura ibintu kuri interineti ubishyira muri mudasobwa cyangwa telefoni, bityo ukumire ikibi cyakwinjirira.

5. Irinde gutangaza amakuru yawe bwite

Niba uhamagawe, wohererejwe ubutumwa bugufi (SMS) cyangwa imeli bigusaba amakuru yawe bwite, ntukabisubize.

Ahubwo hitamo kubanza kuvugana neza n’uwo byitiriwe ko biturutseho, ubanze ugenzure ko binyuze mu mucyo.

Abajura bakoresha ikoranabuhanga kenshi iyo bategura igitero, bashobora kugerageza gukusanya amakuru yihariye cyangwa yawe bwite kugirango bayakoreshe bakwinjirira cyangwa binjirira ikigo ukoramo.